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Chronic Valvular Disease in Dogs
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Introduction
Chronic valvular disease (CVD) is a common acquired heart disease in dogs, and may account for up to 75% of congestive heart failure (CHF) cases in this species. CVD, which may also be described as “degenerative valve disease”, “myxomatous valve disease” or “endocardiosis”, causes progressive thickening and malformation of the heart valve leaflets, with the mitral valve most commonly affected. In many cases, similar changes are present on the tricuspid valve.
Key Points
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“Endocardiosis”, “myxomatous valve disease” and “degenerative valve disease” are all terms used to describe chronic valvular disease in dogs, which is the commonest acquired canine heart disease.
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Use of the ACVIM classification system allows staging of the degree of heart disease and development of a treatment plan.
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Taking resting respiratory rates at home is an important method for monitoring chronic valve disease patients.
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Treatment of first-time congestive heart failure due to chronic valvular disease usually consists of “triple therapy”: furosemide, pimobendan and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.
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