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Colic in little horses: Comparatively big problems!
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Bartmann et al. (2002) reported on 83 foals that underwent abdominal surgery. Of those, 59% were discharged from the clinic and 25% were euthanatized intraoperatively. The success rate for survival following surgery was 79%, however, there was a distinct difference between small intestinal (46%) and large intestinal lesions (80%). Those with urogenital problems had the highest success rate with 89%. The paper did not address adhesion formation post-operatively.
A review of abdominal surgery in neonatal foals by Bryant foal age. Foals under 7 days old have different common problems (such as uroperitoneum or abdominal pain secondary to systemic disease) than those of the two to 4-week old animal, where previous medical problems may have pre-disposed to gastric outflow obstruction secondary to gastric ulceration. A complete physical examination (including abdominal radiography and, or, ultrasound) is paramount. The decision to proceed to surgery is not easy, however, if sepsis and hypoxic encephalopathy are excluded as a cause of colic then the “wait and see” approach to management may prove detrimental to the final outcome. The presence of umbilical remnants and the tendency for post-operative patients to spend considerable time lying down is important to keep in mind.
Foals, in a similar situation to human children, are considered at increased risk of developing postoperative abdominal adhesions. In one study 33% of foals that had undergone previous abdominal surgery developed abdominal adhesions. Of those, 16% required additional surgery to correct the problem. However, clinical reports most likely underestimate the incidence of adhesion formation because most adhesions are not severe enough to result in clinical signs. The pathophysiological processes underlying these differences are not currently known. [...]
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