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Comparison of Two Different Commercial Autologous Conditioned Serum Systems Using Equine Blood
T.H. Hraha, D.D. Frisbie, K.M...
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1. Introduction
Two commercially available products are available for producing equine autologous conditioned serum (ACS): ACS Ia and ACS II.b To date, no comparisons or equine-specific testing have been published on these products.
2. Materials and Methods
Whole blood from five horses was drawn by catheter into ACS I and ACS II syringes or red top Vacutainer tubes.c ACS products were processed using the manufacturer’s directions. Baseline serum (1 h after collection to allow clot formation) and incubated serum (24-h incubation) were also processed. Cytokine concentrations were measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. A p > 0.05 was considered significant for analysis of variance procedures and least square means for individual comparisons.
3. Results
ACS from ACS II showed a significant increase (>2- fold) in interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) compared with serum. Both ACS I and ACS II showed a significant increase in insulin-like growth factor-1 compared with serum. ACS I showed an increase in tumor necrosis factor-α compared with serum.
4. Discussion
ACS II, with an increased growth factor and anti-inflammatory cytokine profile and no significant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, showed a superior profile compared with ACS I. Further results of this study confirm a beneficial effect of ACS compared with cultured serum, although the magnitude of IL-1Ra stimulation does not seem to be as great when compared with human blood. Further optimization of the systems for equine blood may improve these results.
Acknowledgment
Funding was provided by Arthrex. Drs. McIlwraith and Frisbie consult for Arthrex.
Footnotes
aIRAP I, Dechra, Pharmaceuticals PLC, Stoke-on-Trent, UK ST7 1XW.
bIRAP II, Arthrex Vet Systems, Bonita Springs, FL 34134.
cTyco Healthcare, Mansfield, MA 02048.
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About
Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication
Gail Holmes Equine Orthopaedic Research Center, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
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