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Temperatures of pharmaceutical storage areas in large animal veterinary practice vehicles in the winter
Homerosky, E.R.; Ondrak, J.D...
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Objective: Many manufacturers recommend that non-refrigerated products be stored at room temperature (20–25 °C). Large animal veterinary practice vehicle storage units are commonly outfitted with an adjustable heater to prevent freezing as ambient temperatures in many locations in North America drop below these temperatures in winter. The authors have previously evaluated storage units in vehicles in the summer, so the objective of this study was to measure storage area temperatures in the winter to evaluate the effectiveness of heaters and the extent to which temperatures fall outside the manufacturers’ recommended range.
Materials and Methods: A convenience sample of six vehicles from an ambulatory beef cattle practice in Southern Alberta was used. Ambient temperature and temperatures in two storage areas (close to the heater and far from the heater) in each vehicle were recorded from November 1, 2018 – February 28, 2019, at 15-minute intervals using self-contained, battery operated temperature recording devices.
Results: The lowest and highest overall temperatures recorded in a storage unit were -29.7 °C and 62.6 °C, respectively. The mean temperature recorded across all six storage units was 16.8 °C near the heater and 11.6 °C far from the heater, while ambient temperature averaged 2 °C. During the 120-day data collection period, temperatures below freezing were recorded between 3-48 days for each of the six vehicles. Readings far from the heater fell within the recommended range for room temperature 11.3% of the time, whereas only 5.6% of readings near the heater fell within the recommended range.
Conclusion: Temperatures in practice vehicle storage units were outside recommended pharmaceutical storage temperatures a significant portion of the winter. Furthermore, there is a discernable variation between storage areas near and far from the heater. Research is needed to determine the extent to which these fluctuations outside the manufacturers' recommended storage temperatures impact efficacy of stored pharmaceuticals.
Keywords: Drugs, vet box, heater, frozen.
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Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication
Veterinary Agri-Health Services, Ltd., Airdrie, Canada;
Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center, University of Nebraska, Clay Center, United States;
Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, United States;
Texas A & M University, College Station, United States.
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