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Neurological signs in lambs as indication for BVDV circulation in a cattle young stock rearing herd
Krattley, B.; Van Werven, T...
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Objectives: Twin lambs, born on a farm where young stock and sheep were raised together in the same barn, presented with neurological signs. The clinical signs resembled a border disease virus (BDV) infection without the previously described coat abnormalities. As BDV could not be ruled out, samples were sent for diagnostic testing and subsequent sequence comparison to identify potential infection with sheep or cattle pestiviruses.
Materials and methods: Both lambs were sampled and screened for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) using an antigen ELISA. Also the young stock rearing herd, consisting of 2 adult cows, 26 heifers and 18 calves, were tested for both BVDV antibody and antigen using an ELISA. One PI calf was identified. The serum samples of both lambs and the PI calf were subsequently subjected to a 5'UTR RT-PCR. The PCR products were cloned in a pGEM-T easy vector and sequenced.
Results: The 5′UTR polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed that both lambs and one calf were infected with a BVDV 1b strain. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that all BVDV (bovine and ovine derived) were type 1b. Additional analysis of the E2 and NS5b regions of the genome revealed a ∼100% sequence identity for 5′UTR, E2, and NS5b.
Conclusion: Viral transmission from a PI calf to the sheep dam during pregnancy was considered the most likely route of infection. This case demonstrates that sheep can be infected with BVDV. Neurological signs and other health problems in sheep could indicate a BVDV infection in both sheep and cattle when reared in close contact.
Note: for a presentation supporting information is available:
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A figure of the pylogenetic tree of the E1/E2 region of the type 1b BVDV viruses derived from both lambs and the calf with reference strains (GenBank reference).
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A video of the 1-day old lambs with BVDV type 1b showing neurological signs.
Keywords: Bovine viral diarrhoea virus, BVDV, dairy cattle, sheep.
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About
Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication
ULP Harmelen, Harmelen, Netherlands;
Department Population Health Sciences, Farm Animal Health, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands;
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ecosystem and Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
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