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There Is More to it Than Meets the Eye - Ocular Manifestations of Systemic Diseases
Michala de Linde Henriksen
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Systemic diseases impacting the vascular and nervous system are particularly prone to cause ocular diseases such as uveitis and chorioretinitis.1 The eye is an immune-privileged site, meaning that no inflammatory or neoplastic cells from the systemic blood flow should enter the intraocular tissue because of the presence of a blood-ocular barrier in the uveal tissue and that excludes these cells from the eye. 1 Some systemic diseases break down the blood-ocular barrier, and can therefore enable inflammatory or neoplastic cells to enter eye, leading to secondary ocular diseases as glaucoma, retinal detachment, and cataracts. Systemic hypertension allows increased fluid to enter the subretinal space, causing retinal detachment, while diabetes mellitus causes increased glucose concentrations in the aqueous humor causing diabetic cataracts. 1-3 It is therefore important to consider if ophthalmic lesions could be a sign of a systemic disease – instead of “just” being an eye disease. This proceeding will review some of the most common ocular diseases where a systemic involvement should be considered. [...]
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Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication
Colorado State University, College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences, Ophthalmology Service 300 W Drake Road, Fort Collins 80523, Colorado, USA
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