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Trauma: The Role Of Diagnostic Imaging
W. Mai
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Trauma is a common reason for presentation to the emergency department, and a common cause of mortality in dogs and cats. Examples include blunt trauma (e.g. road traffic accidents), penetrating trauma (e.g. bite wounds) or falling from a height. With the increasing availability of ultrasonography, computed tomography and MRI, the management of trauma patients has changed, as these techniques allow a better selection of the patients in which surgery will be necessary and also improve the selection of types of surgery and surgical approaches, thereby minimizing surgical time and potential complications.
RADIOGRAPHY
Thoracic radiographs are typically obtained in the trauma patient and are recommended even in seemingly stable patients to look for early and subtle signs of traumatic injuries such as hemorrhagic effusion, pneumothorax, and pulmonary contusions which may warrant a closer observation of the patient. Thoracic (and abdominal) radiographs are also very useful for the diagnosis of traumatic diaphragmatic hernias. Presence of significant pleural effusion may challenge the radiographic recognition of diaphragmatic hernias, and the use of contrast studies such as GI barium study or iodinated peritoneography could be useful in such cases. Of course, radiography is also important in the evaluation of skeletal ...
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