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Legislation and Practices in Israel for Protection of Pigs from Unnecessary Pain: Euthanasia in Pig Farming
Pozzi, P.,1* Guadagnini, G.B.,2...
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Abstract
Since 2012, pig farming in Israel started to be regulated for minimal standards for pig protection. In September 2012, the “Guidelines for Pig Farming”, were issued by the Veterinary Services of Ministry of Agriculture of the State of Israel. This was replaced by the “Regulations against cruelty to animals” (Protection of Animals) (Pigs Farming for Agricultural Purposes) on May 2015, issued by the same Ministry after approval by a special Commission of the Israeli Parliament. Among other aspects, current legislation deals with a problematic aspect relative to pig farming: accomplishment of euthanasia or emergency killing. The purpose of several articles of the current regulations, was to minimize or avoid unnecessary pain and sufferance in pigs, caused by injuries or diseases or any other traumatic events. This article examines practical implications of euthanasia or emergency killing of pigs at the farm level, and addresses solutions for consideration in the local pig industry.
Keywords: Israel; Pig Farming; Regulations; Mutilations; Euthanasia.
Introduction
Characteristics of swine farming in Israel
In Israel, pig production is limited to 25 farms that produce approximately 170,000-200,000 pigs per year. The farms are located in three well defined areas in the Country. Specifically, one farm is located in the Negev District (Kibbutz Lahav), with around 1,000 sows and 19,000-20,000 pigs produced per year, while the other 24 farms are situated in the Northern District (1 farm in Fassuta, 23 farms in Ibblin), with a production of 150,000-180,000 pigs per year. In addition, there is another farm of 30 Sinclair (minipig) sows in Lower Galilee District (Yokneam) that produces purpose-bred laboratory pigs, not for human consumption. Out of 23 farms located in Ibblin area, 16 are in close contact, sharing dividing walls, service road, water distribution, manure collection. Three other farms, share personnel, owners, semen for artificial insemination, etc. These facts contribute in making Ibblin farms a unique epidemiological unit. The number of sows is around 15,000, of Landrace, Large-White, Pietrain, Duroc breeds, and their cross-breeding; genetic material (semen for artificial insemination) is recurrently imported from Cyprus, Germany and France.
Pig farming in Israel is regulated, like other livestock farming, and the relevant legislation dealing with protection of pigs farmed for agriculture purposes is indicated in Table 1.
This article deals with euthanasia, or emergency killing of pigs, at the farm level.
Situations such as slow growth, wasting diseases, illness, injuries, which make unprofitable keeping a pig, or an animal suffering and unable to be transported for slaughter, requiring humane euthanasia, or emergency killing, on-farm thus avoiding transportation to the slaughterhouse due to stress and pain possibly induced by transportation. [...]
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About
Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication
1 Universita’ di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Torino, Italy. 2 VetEvolution, Campagnola Cremasca, Italy. 3 Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Beit Dagan, Israel. 4 Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, IZS-LER, Brescia, Italy.
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