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Facet joints and cysts
Moissonnier P.
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I . Cervical spinal diseases in relation with the joint facets
The knowledge of the basic anatomy of the spinal column is important for understanding potential sources of pain during clinical conditions affecting the neck or back in dogs and cats. The cervical facets are located in an area in which, the spinal cord, the nerve roots and the spinal nerve could be compressed. The facet joint is a synovial joint and every part could potentially be involved by a variety of inflammatory and non-inflammatory diseases (vascular, inflammatory, traumatic, anomalies, metabolic, idiopathic, neoplastic, degenerative) initiating from cartilage, bone, synovial membrane. The reports that describe the specific conditions of the facets are sparse, we provide a first list of these conditions.
Clinical presentation and diagnosis.
All the patients present similar clinical signs including neck pain, root signature, muscle atrophy, and neurological signs (upper motoneurone-C1C5 or lower motoneurone- C6T2).
Coming from the extradural space, the spinal cord compression by the facets have usually no effect on CSF, the analysis of which remaining normal. The diagnosis is, therefore, based on imaging techniques.
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