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Clinical Effects of Domperidone on Fescue Toxicosis in Pregnant Mares
D.L. Cross, K. Anas, W.C. Bridges...
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1. Introduction
For many years, veterinarians and mare owners reported reproductive problems in mares grazing tall fescue.1,2,3 Bacon4 reported the first conclusive evidence of the presence of an endophytic fungus, later identified as Neotyphodium coenophialum. In cattle, the endophyte of tall fescue was found to be related to lower weight gains, increased body temperature, rough hair coats, gangrenous necrosis of tissue in feet, tail and ears, and reduced conception rates, as reviewed by Thompson and Stuedemann.5 Mares were exposed to either endophyte-infected or endophyte-free fescue grass in a controlled study at Clemson University.6 Increased gestation lengths, agalactia, foal and mare mortality, tough and thickened placentas, weak and dysmature foals, and reduced serum prolactin and progestogen levels occurred in mares consuming endophyte-infected pasture, whereas horses on endophyte-free pasture appeared normal (Fig. 1). Field testing of drugs under clinical conditions is required for FDA approval of drugs. This study was conducted following the guidelines of an FDA clinical trials protocol. All horses in the study received domperidone because owners are reluctant to leave mares untreated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical safety and effectiveness of domperidone for prevention and treatment of fescue toxicosis in gravid mares, under field trial conditions.
2. Materials and Methods
Domperidone (Equidoney)a was used to treat fescue toxicosis in late gestation mares in field trials from 1993 through 1997. Each veterinarian or horse owner participating in the study was asked to complete a Clinical Observation Form. Fourteen hundred twenty-three (1423) Clinical Observation forms were returned from 33 different states in the United States. The veterinarian was asked to diagnose fescue toxicosis on the farm before treatment was initiated. […]
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About
Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication
Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson, SC, USA.
Equi-Tox, Inc., Center for Applied Technology, Pendleton, SC, USA.
Experimental Statistics Dept., Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.
Chappell Equine Clinic, Rock Hill, SC, USA.
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