In vitro embryo production in equids: cloning, IVF and ICSI updates

This presentation delves into the latest breakthroughs in cloning, In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) techniques within the equine realm, highlighting their profound relevance to both the horse breeding industry and the vital conservation efforts aimed at preserving wild equids. We explore cutting-edge cloning methods, encompassing somatic cell nuclear transfer and donor cell selection, in conjunction with ICSI and IVF technology, becoming a standard practice for some equine breeding programs. Our discussion centers on the applications of these innovative techniques in the preservation of wild equids and, also to underscore their transformative impact on the horse breeding industry. Recent advancements in equine reproduction have yielded not only significantly improved success rates in equine cloning and ICSI but have also heralded groundbreaking achievements. These include the development of new conventional IVF protocols tailored to horses and, notably, the successful production of the first donkey, mules, and zebra in vitro embryos. These milestones represent a remarkable shift in equine reproduction practices, ushering in an era of exciting possibilities for equine breeding programs and the enhancement of genetic diversity. This is especially pertinent in the context of the equine industry, where the pursuit of superior genetics, health, and vigor is a constant endeavor. Moreover, the implications of these advancements extend beyond the breeding industry, directly impacting the preservation of both wild and domesticated equids. We discuss the establishment of genetic banks, reintroduction programs, and the complexities associated with applying these techniques to wild populations.