An Optimize Technique of Injecting the Navicular Bursa

Palmar foot pain represents a major cause of poor performance and lost time from exercise in horses. Diagnostic imaging of this region is most commonly performed using radiographs [1–3] and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [4–11]. Using these imaging modalities, it has been shown that pathological change can occur in multiple sites in the foot, including the navicular bone, navicular bursa, deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT), distal sesamoidean impar ligament, collateral distal sesamoidean ligaments and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint. Following diagnostic imaging, injection of the navicular bursa may be indicated. Needle placement for treatment of the navicular bursa has been described from the palmar margin of the limb under both radiographic [12–15] and ultrasonographic guidance [16] using a spinal needle oriented at various ...