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Non-invasive Monitoring of Airway Disease Therapy in Horses: Non-invasively Counting Cough in Horses?
A. Behan Braman
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An automated method to count cough could be a valuable tool to assist in determination of the efficacy of drugs used to treat airway disease. We tested the hypothesis that a combination of simultaneous changes in horse activity, and both thoracic and abdominal displacement can be used to characterize cough. Six healthy horses, were equipped with respiratory inductance plethysmography bands placed at the 6th and 17th intercostal spaces to measure thoracic and abdominal displacement, respectively, and an accelerometer secured by a loose-fitting harness rested on the cranial scapula. Data were recorded while horses were standing undisturbed (control) and while cough was induced by moving an endoscope against the tracheal mucosa. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA (P<0.05). Under control conditions, the thoracic and abdominal displacements did not differ. During a cough (at least 7 times in each horse), activity and inspiratory thoracic displacement increased significantly whereas abdominal inspiratory displacement was unchanged compared to control. Inspiratory movement of the thorax and abdomen began simultaneously but, just prior to the peak of thoracic expansion, the abdominal displacement began to decrease. The thorax then rapidly decreased in size along with the abdomen. The decrease in abdominal displacement while thoracic displacement is still increasing most likely represents the contraction of abdominal muscles necessary to pressurize the air in the thorax prior to the cough. Because cough can be identified by these characteristic concurrent changes in activity, thoracic and abdominal displacement, development of an algorithm to identify and count cough may be possible.
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