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Evaluation of Failure of Passive Transfer, Morbidity and Mortality in Jersey Calves
Villarroel A., Adkins D.E., Noyes R...
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Objectives: Jersey cows are becoming more prevalent in dairy production because of higher milk components and better reproduction than Holstein cows. However, Jersey producers have a challenge raising their calves healthy through weaning time. Maternal antibodies supplied via colostrum play a crucial role in morbidity and mortality of young calves. the standard values of immunoglobulin G (Igg ) and its proxy of total protein ( T P) that are used to classify calves as having failure of passive transfer (FPt ) are based on Holstein calves. the objectives if this study were to determine the correlation between Igg and T P in Holstein and Jersey calves, and the association with morbidity and mortality in Jersey calves.
Materials and Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 321 Jersey calves and 35 concurrent Holstein calves less up to 14 days-old. serum T P levels were determined via refractometer and Igg levels via single radial immunodiffusion ( srId ). Multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate the effect of breed and age on T P and Igg concentrations in serum. additionally, average T P and Igg between healthy calves and calves with morbidity or calves that died were compared via student’s t-test.
Results: analyses showed that Jersey calves had on average 0.49 g/dl higher concentration of T P than Holstein calves (P=0.020) and that T P was highest on days 1 and 2 of life and decreased steadily (-0.09 g/dl per day) until day 7 in Holstein calves and until day 14 in Jersey calves. using a typical cutoff point of <5.3 g/dl of T P to determine FPt would have resulted in 13.4% of Jersey calves classified as having FPt compared to 18.5% of Holstein calves. A cutoff point of <1,000 mg/dl resulted in classifying 9.8% of Holstein calves and 0.9% of Jersey calves with FPt. Morbidity and mortality (n=6) in Jersey calves was not associated with different T P or Igg levels.
Conclusions: this study highlights the differences between calves of the two major dairy cattle breeds. Based on these results, we conclude that Jersey calves should not be managed using the same cut-off values established for Holstein calves, because FPt may be underestimated. and although adequate amounts of good quality colostrum gets calves off to a good start, results from our study emphasize the influence of good feeding and management past the first few days of life as a major factor in preventing morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication
Oregon State University, USA
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