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Consequences of Border Disease Virus Infection Transmitted from Sheep to Pregnant Heifers and Their Progeny
Krametter-Froetscher R., Benetka V...
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Objectives: the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Border disease virus (BdV) infection from naturally persistently infected sheep on susceptible pregnant cattle and their progeny.
Materials and Methods: the study included eight heifers tested negative for pestivirus and pestivirus antibodies. at a gestation stage between 47 and 73 days the heifers were exposed to sheep which were persistently infected with BdV. Blood samples and swabs (nasal and conjunctival swabs) of the heifers were collected every third day until seroconversion was recognized. Blood samples were tested for pestivirus antibodies using two commercial elIsa test kits and for pestivirus specific RNA using rt-Pcr. detection of pestivirus specific RNA was performed on nasal and conjunctival swabs using rt-Pcr. routine clinical examination and monitoring of the pregnancy was done repeatedly. routine necropsy and histological examination as well as rt-Pcr for pestivirus specific RNA was performed on aborted material. Blood and swab samples (nasal and conjunctival swabs) were repeatedly taken of live borne calves during the first week of life for rt-Pcr. Moreover, all blood samples were also tested for pestivirus antibodies.
Results: during the entire study, clinically signs typically for pestivirus infection were not recognized in the heifers. seroconversion was seen by day 38 after exposure in all heifers. Pestivirus specific RNA was not found in any of the blood or swab samples. abortion was recognized in 5 heifers between day 54 and day 202 after exposure to the PI sheep. Pestivirus specific RNA was detected in all aborted materials. In three heifers a normal pregnancy and a normal parturition were seen. the three live born calves were clinically healthy. Precolostral antibodies to pestivirus were only detected in one calf. this calf and another calf were pestivirus negative in all samples investigated. the third calf was in all samples taken during the first week of life pestivirus positiv.
Conclusions: In this study the effects of a BdV infection transmitted from persistently infected sheep to susceptible pregnant heifers and their progeny were described. the fact that the contact with sheep naturally and persistently infected with BdV resulted in seroconversion and abortion is of major importance for the BV dV control program in austria.
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Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication
Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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