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  4. SFT - Theriogenology Annual Conference - Portland, 2014
  5. Transrectal Cranio-Cervical Dislocation of a Twin Fetus in a Mare
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Transrectal Cranio-Cervical Dislocation of a Twin Fetus in a Mare

Author(s):

E. Putt, B.W. Christensen and A...

In: SFT - Theriogenology Annual Conference - Portland, 2014 by Society for Theriogenology
Updated:
AUG 09, 2014
Languages:
  • EN
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    A 7-year-old Thoroughbred mare was diagnosed at 40 days gestation with twin fetuses adjacent to each other in the right uterine horn. At 66 days gestation, the mare was given flunixin meglumine (1 mg/kg IV), buscopan (0.4 mg/kg IV), altrenogest (0.044 mg/kg PO SID), and sedated with detomodine (0.006 mg/kg IV) and xylazine (0.3 mg/kg IV). Guided by transrectal ultrasound (7 mHz), the fetal head of the distal twin was stabilized transrectally between the thumb and forefinger. Dislocation was achieved by positioning the thumb at the base of the cranium and applying pressure side to side until a distinctive pop was felt and the thumb and forefinger could be placed between the head and the neck.1 Evaluations were performed one and two days later showed active heartbeats in both fetuses. One fetus appeared normal but the damaged fetus had hyperechoic debris in the fetal fluid and the head was visualized detached from the body. No evidence of the reduced fetus was apparent on ultrasound at 151 days. At 333 days gestation, the surviving foal was born without incident. The fetal membranes showed no abnormalities and no sign of the reduced twin was noted. The foal showed obvious congenital angular limb deformities with the right metatarsus caudally displaced to the tarsus, valgus deformities of both front legs and left hind, and abnormal ossification, particularly of the tarsal bones. After corrective measures, the foal showed moderate improvement, but prognosis for a future as a show horse is guarded.
    The mare was rebred and confirmed to have a singleton pregnancy at 14 days gestation. Twin pregnancy is a major cause of pregnancy loss in horses. While early ultrasound diagnosis and transrectal manual reduction of the twin vesicle is very successful, reduction after Day 16 still provides a challenge to equine practitioners.2-5

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    About

    Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication

    Equine Reproduction, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA

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    Society for Theriogenology

    The Society for Theriogenology is an organization of veterinarians dedicated to animal reproduction, whose mission is to promote standards of excellence in reproductive medicine, to provide outreach and education to veterinarians, and to foster continual improvements in theriogenology.

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