Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Canine Reproductive Tract

Overview
Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract in dogs and accounts for approximately 2% of all malignancies in dogs. In a series of 102 dogs with TCC of the bladder, in 56% of the dogs the urethra was also involved and in 29% of dogs the prostate was involved. Most TCCs are intermediate to high grade papillary infiltrative tumors that can be associated with a variety of clinical signs. The etiology of canine transitional cell carcinoma is multifactorial. Risks factors include exposure to lawn chemicals, obesity, female sex and breed. It is important to distinguish non-TCC conditions from TCC of the reproductive tract because the treatment and prognosis differ considerably. [...]