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Pregnancy Diagnosis and Prepartum Conditions Affecting Does
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Abstract
There are different methods utilized to diagnose pregnancy in does. Ultrasonography, hormone/pregnancy specific protein assays and radiography have emerged the most common methods used with a high degree of accuracy. Ballottement or abdominal palpation is performed when the doe is in her last trimester of pregnancy. Other methods described in literature, such as recto-abdominal palpation utilizing a rod (Hulet’s rod), have been used in the 60’s in the U.S., and still being used in other countries. Non-return to estrus 20-22 days after breeding is a good management practice utilized by producers to monitor estrus activity of the does during the breeding season. However, pathologic conditions of the uterus and ovaries, physiologic anestrus late in the breeding season and post-breeding anestrus in does bred out of season may prevent these does from returning to estrus after breeding. Choice of the method utilized in small ruminants depends on the availability of equipment, number of days after breeding, number of animals to examine, desired accuracy, need for quick results, cost to the client and experience of the examiner. A reliable technique for early detection of pregnancy would allow the producer to make decisions regarding early culling or rebreeding of barren does. Pregnancy diagnosis and estimating the length of gestation is very important in the treatment of certain prepartum conditions like pregnancy toxemia, vaginal prolapses and abdominal hernia to induce parturition in does if necessary. [...]
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