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Do Cats Get Histiocytic Disease?
D.J. Argyle
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Histiocytic Diseases
Introduction
Feline histiocytic proliferative disorders are incredibly rare (with very few cases reported in the literature) and represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. This csynopsis will describe the main clinicopathological features of this disease as described and potential therapeutic options.
Key Points:
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Histiocytic proliferative disorders represent a range of disorders with different pathologies and clinical behaviours.
- To understand these diseases, we must first consider the origins of the histiocyte
Histiocyte Biology.
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Histiocytes are derived from bone marrow stem cells and can be either macrophages (antigen processing) or dendritic cells (antigen presenting).
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Dendritic cells can be further sub-divided:
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Langerhan cells (epithelial dendritic cells), found in the skin
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Interstitial dendritic cells, found in many organ systems
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Interdigitating dendritic cells, antigen presenting cells found in the T cell zone of peripheral lymphoid organs
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Dendritic cells are derived from CD34+ haematopoietic stem cells
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Macrophages are derived from CD34- blood monocytes
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Both dendritic cells and macrophages are derived from a common haematopoietic stem cell (granulocyte monocye progenitor).
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The formation of these cells in the bone marrow requires interaction between the stem cell and the bone marrow stroma, orchestrated by specific cytokines
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M-CSF and GM-CSF promote the development of macrophages
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GM-CSF, TGF- TNF- and IL-4 promote dendritic cell development.
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[...]
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About
Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication
Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK.
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