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Anaesthesia and the Most Common Cardiopathies in Dogs and Cats
I.A .G. De Segura
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Summary: Cardiopathies are common in patients requiring anaesthesia and drugs used in those cases use to haver relevant impact, resulting in potential relevant interference. The main anaesthetic considerations in cardiopathies are discussed, such as valve regurgitation, dilated cardiomyopathy, pulmonary and aortic stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The appropriate selection of drugs to obtain anaesthesia and give cardiovascular support is reviewed.
The anaesthesia is a usual procedure, which main risks include the interference with the cardiovascular function. In addition, heart diseases are usual in pets and this is why anaesthesia poses an increased risk in this kind of patients. The aim of the anaesthetic technique is to understand what changes have took place in each cardiomyopathy, and how the anaesthetic schedule can avoid a worsening of the heart function but also provide appropriate support measures once it has occurred. The final objective is to keep such a cardiac output and oxygen levels that guarantee the oxygen supply to tissues. An appropriate cardiac output also requires appropriate heart rate and ejection volume, the last one driven by the pre-load, the post-load and the heart contractility. The anaesthetic management of patients with cardiopathies intends to determine what are the affected and potentially critical factors, in order to provide the appropriate support.
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Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication
Universidad Complutense de Madrid Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Madrid, España.
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