The Noisy Bulldog - Endo Diagnosis and Surgical Management

Clinical signs of upper respiratory syndrome in the BD usually include snoring, inspiratory dyspnea, exercise intolerance and stridor, cyanosis or even syncopal episodes in more severe cases. These problems usually aggravate with stress, exercice or heat. Labored breathing is accompanied by overdilatation of the chest since a higher negative pressure tends to suck the abdomen into the thoracic cavity. The condition usually aggravates with age. Vomiting or saliva regurgitation are also frequently encountered.

PARTICULARITIES OF BRACHYCEPHALIC DOGS.

Anatomic anomalies Brachycephalic breeds are usually distinguished from others by their shortened skull due to an early ankylosis of the cartilages of its basis. Different breeds are usually recognized as Brachycephalic: Boston terrier, English and French Bulldog, Pugs, Pekinese, Shi-tsu, Cavalier King Charles.

CT-analysis and preparation showed that many of the complex alterations in brachycephaly arise from the highly shortened facial bones and the resulting dislocation of nasal structures caused by the dorsorotation of the teeth. Hennet and Harvey and then Noeller stated that “Profound and severe brachycephaly is characterised by a dorsal rotated upper and lower jaw and an abnormal dislocation of conchae with a steep course of intranasal airways and the nasolacrimal drainage system. Severe stages of brachycephalia show a horizontally positioned and dorsally rotated canine tooth.”  […]