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Electrolyte Balance in Horses
Updated:
OCT 06, 2008
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Extracellular and intracellular fluid spaces
- Extracellular fluid space (ECF)
- comprises 20-25% of body weight
- consists of interstitial fluid space (ISF = 20% body weight) and blood plasma (5% body weight)
- Intracellular fluid space (ICF)
- comprises 75-80% body weight
Acid-base balance
- electroneutrality principle = sum of all cations equals the sum of all anions = neutral blood pH (7.35-7.45)
- [Na+] – [Cl-] + [H+] – [OH-]=0
- difference between strong cations (Na+) and the strong anions (Cl-) = Strong Ion Difference [SID]
- water dissociates into hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions o [H+]=[OH-] = neutral pH
- [H+]>[OH-] = acidosis
- [H+]<[OH-] = alkalosis
- strong cations: Na+, K+, Ca ++ , Mg ++ [...]
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