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Crioprocesado de semen ovino: efecto sobre el patrón de motilidad y la distribución de subpoblaciones espermáticas.
Rubio-Guillén j., Díaz-Sánchez A...
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Resumen
La incorporación de computadoras (CASA) a la evaluación de la calidad seminal ha hecho posible el establecimiento de métodos de valoración de la motilidad espermática en forma objetiva, sin el juicio discrecional de un operador. Con el fin de determinar el efecto del proceso de criopreservación sobre el patrón de motilidad espermática, se evaluaron 5 eyaculados por morueco, en tres momentos: a la colecta, luego de la refrigeración a 5°C y luego del descongelado, pertenecientes al Centro Experimental de Producción Animal (CEPA) en Zulia, Venezuela. El análisis computarizado de la motilidad espermática (CASA) fue realizado para cuantificar la progresividad de movimiento de los espermatozoides. El procedimiento FASTCLUS se utilizó para identificar las subpoblaciones y su distribución porcentual en semen recién colectado, refrigerado y descongelado (Chi cuadrado). El efecto directo de la criopreservación sobre lasvariables dependientes fueanalizadocon el procedimiento GLM (SAS®) y cuando se observaron diferencias se cuantificaron los efectos mediante el LSMEANS. Todos los valores de calidad espermática estudiados fueron afectados significativamente (P<0,001) por la criopreservación (progresividad y subpoblaciones). Los espermatozoides tuvieron significativamente (P<0,001) menor motilidad en semen refrigerado/criopreservado que en fresco para todos los ovinos. Fue posible identificar 4 grupos (o subpoblaciones) de motilidad diferentes (P<0,001) que coexisten (o coexistiendo) en el eyaculado. En conclusión, el presente estudio confirma que la criopreservación afecta la célula espermática de manera importante, comprometiendo los valores referenciales que cuantifican la calidad seminal, sobretodo el movimiento espermático.
Abstract
Computerized evaluation of seminal quality parameters (CASA) has made it possible to establish objective methods for assessing sperm motility without the subjective judgment of the operator. With the aim of evaluating objectively the effects of sperm cryopreservation process on spermatic motility y sperm distribution into subpopulations according to motility, as well as on the changes in sperm during cryoprocessing, five ejaculates, five refrigerated samples (5ºC) and five frozen straws (-196ºC) per ram/session were evaluated. Rams belonged to the Experimental Center for Animal Production (CEPA) in Zulia, Venezuela. Computerized analyses of sperm motility (CASA) were performed to quantify sperm progressive movement. FASTCLUS procedure was used to identify subpopulations. These data were analyzed using the GLM procedure (SAS®), and when significant differences were observed, effects were quantified using the LSMEANS statement. All values of sperm quality were significantly affected (P <0.001) by cryopreservation (progressivity and subpopulations). Spermatozoa were significantly (P <0.001) with less motility in cooled/cryopreserved semen than those in fresh semen for all rams. It was possible to identify four sperm subpopulations with different motility characteristics (P <0.001) that coexist in the ejaculate. In conclusion, the present study confirms that cryopreservation affects the sperm cell significantly, compromising semen quality, especially sperm movement.
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