Importancia de los estrógenos en el aparato reproductor del macho en mamíferos

ABSTRACT
The testis is able to synthesize and respond to estrogens throughout their development. The localization of aromatase and estrogen

receptor alpha (ER∝) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) suggest that estrogen action is likely to be important for testicular and efferent ductules function. The studies of transgenic mice lacking estrogen receptors (ERs) or the aromatase enzyme demonstrated that the estrogen plays a crucial role in the development and normal function of the testis, the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis-axis, spermatogenesis and male fertility, highlight the importance of estrogen action in male. Therefore, the aim of this review is to analyze the distribution of both estrogen

receptors (ER∝ and ERβ), and aromatase in testis, efferent ductules and epididymis in mammalian in various stages of development, and also compare the alterations of testicular function and endocrine profile in transgenic mice deficient in aromatase, estrogen receptor alpha

(ER∝), estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) and in both estrogen receptors (ER∝β). This review will also provide an overview of the biosynthesis and action of estrogen in the testis, structure of estrogen receptors, and the role of estrogen in the regulation of hypothalamo-pituitary- testicular axis. All this information clearly show that estrogens play a physiological role in the regulation of male reproductive tract. [...]