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Acute Salinomycin and Maduramicin Toxicosis in Lactating Sows
Britzi M., Shimshoni J.A., Edery N...
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Abstract
The epidemiological investigation of an incident that killed 98 sows (170-220 kg b.w.) out of a total of 180 sows was described. The sows were at the beginning (1-2 weeks) of their lactation period. The incident started with the sudden death of 8 sows and lasted 20 days. No clinical signs of disease were observed prior to the death of the first animals while the remaining sows displayed clinical signs of ionophore toxicosis, including ataxia, recumbency, respiratory distress, lethargy and partial anorexia. The investigation consisted of clinical examinations, autopsy, blood and serum clinical chemistry, bacteriology, virology combined with chemical analysis of ionophores and the presence of pesticides in the feed. Three batches of identical feed were consumed by the affected sows. Lesions and degenerative changes were found only in the skeletal muscles and myocardium. Microscopically, degenerative changes in the skeletal muscle were characterized by hypereosinophilia, loss of cross-striation and fragmentation. Gross increase in liver enzyme activities and elevation of serum urea and creatinine values were observed. High levels of maduramicin (7.0 to 25.2 mg/ kg) in two batches and salinomycin (2.0 to 42.1 mg/kg) in all three batches of feed were found. The results of the investigation indicated simultaneous ionophore poisoning by two agents, maduramicin and salinomycin, in a non-target species.
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Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication
National Residue Control Laboratory, Kimron Veterinary Institute, 50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. Department of Toxicology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, 50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. Department of Pathology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, 50250 Bet-Dagan, Israel. Veterinary Breeding Service, Development Agriculture Projects, 85335 Kibbutz Lahav, Israel. Division of Feed Control, The Veterinary Services, The Ministry of Agriculture, 50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. National Officer for Swine Diseases, The Veterinary Services, The Ministry of Agriculture, 50250 Bet Dagan, Israel.
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