Contraception of Lionesses, Cheetahs and Wild Dogs Using the GnRH Agonist Implant Suprelorin®

In southern Africa with its well developed wildlife industry, population management of certain carnivore species such as lions, wild dogs and cheetahs is essential, particularly in smaller fenced game reserves and for captive populations. Left unmanaged such species reproduce rapidly leading to depletion of prey species. Inbreeding under such conditions is another danger that needs to be considered. The traditional method of reversible carnivore contraception involved the use of long-acting progestin implants. Medium to long term use of such implants are known to cause a number of side effects, some of which can be life threatening. The GnRH analogue, deslorelin, in a long-acting biocompatible subcutaneous implant (Suprelorin® and Suprelorin12®, Peptech Animal Health, Sydney), was developed for use in domestic dogs and cats where it has been shown to be a safe and effective means of contraception. Following initial stimulation the release of both LH and FSH is downregulated. The overall result is down-regulation of ovarian and testicular functions although in some species it is not effective in males. This paper describes some of the results experienced with Suprelorin® and Suprelorin12® in cheetahs, lions and wild dogs. [...]