Symphoricarpos species: Snowberry

Family

Caprifoliaceae

Common Names

Snowberry, waxberry

Commonly cultivated species include S. albus (snowberry), S. orbiculatus (coral berry, buckbush), S. occidentalis (wolfberry), S. oreophilus (mountain snowberry).

Plant Description

A genus of about 17 species of deciduous shrubs native to North and Central America and China, Symphoricarpos are grown for their showy flowers and berries. Branching shrubs forming colonies from sprouting roots, with exfoliating bark, and simple, opposite leaves. The clusters of small flowers are scented, nectar-rich, bell or funnel-shaped, and produced in leaf axils and terminally on branches. Flowers may be white or pink in color. Fruits are berry-like, ovoid, drupes that turn white or purple-red with 2 seeds (Fig. 378).

Figure 378. Symphoricarpos albus.

Toxic Principle and Mechanism of Action

The leaves and berries have a reputation of being mildly toxic, but the toxin responsible for the irritant effects of the plant has not been defined. The alkaloid chelidonine has been isolated from the leaves [1].

Risk Assessment

Generally considered of low toxicity, snow berries have been reported to cause gastrointestinal irritation in children [2,3]. The berries that persist on the shrub after the leaves have fallen are attractive to children and possibly pets.

Clinical Signs

Vomiting and diarrhea are the most common signs associated with snowberries. Signs are usually mild and self limiting. In severe cases, fluid therapy may be necessary to prevent dehydration.