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  4. Anemone species: Anemone
A Guide to Poisonous House and Garden Plants
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Anemone species: Anemone

Author(s):
Knight A.
In: Guide to Poisonous House and Garden Plants by Knight A.
Updated:
MAR 25, 2010
Languages:
  • EN
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    Family

    Ranunculaceae

    Common Name

    Anemone, windflower, wind poppy

    Plant Description

    There are approximately 150 species of Anemone occurring widely in the northern hemisphere and especially in temperate Asia. There are approximately 25 to 30 native and introduced species of Anemone in North America. These perennial plants have palmate, basal leaves that are divided into a few or many leaflets. Plants arising from rhizomes or tubers can be generally grouped into spring flowering and fall flowering varieties. Flowers have five or more petals and come in a wide spectrum of colors. The spring flowering varieties of Anemone are typified by Anemone coronaria. (Fig. 44). The Japanese anemone, and its hybrids are spreading perennials with fibrous roots that bloom in the fall (Fig. 45).

    Anemone coronaria.Figure 44. Anemone coronaria.

    Anemone sylvestris.Figure 45. Anemone sylvestris.

    Toxic Principle and Mechanism of Action

    Anemone species contain the irritant glycoside ranunculin that is converted to protoanemonin when the plant tissues are chewed and macerated [1]. Protoanemonin levels amongst the species vary, and appear to be in the range of 0.02 - 0.05% of the green plant [2]. Protoanemonin is the vesicant, and it is polymerized to the non toxic anemonin. The dried plant contains mostly anemonin and is therefore not toxic.

    Risk Assessment

    Anemones are not a significant problem to household pets as the bitter irritant effects of the plants are a deterrent to most dogs and cats. However, the showy Anemone's that are sold as potted plants or as garden ornamentals have the potential to be chewed and eaten by pets.

    Clinical Signs

    Excessive salivation, vomiting and diarrhea can be anticipated if anemones are eaten. Treatment if necessary would be symptomatic (See Ranunculus).

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    References

    1. Hill R, Van Heyningen R. Ranunculin: the precursor of the vesicant substance I Buttercup. Biochem J 49: 332-335, 1951.

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    About

    How to reference this publication (Harvard system)?

    Knight, A. (2008) “Anemone species: Anemone”, Guide to Poisonous House and Garden Plants. Available at: https://www.ivis.org/library/guide-to-poisonous-house-and-garden-plants/anemone-species-anemone (Accessed: 01 October 2023).

    Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication

    Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.

    Author(s)

    • Prof Anthony Knight

      Knight A.

      Professor and Chair
      BVSc MRCVS Dipl ACVIM
      Department of Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Colorado State University
      Read more about this author

    Copyright Statement

    © All text and images in this publication are copyright protected and cannot be reproduced or copied in any way.
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