Interpreting Clinical Chemistry: Biochemistry Profiles

Clinical chemistry profiles are often performed in the clinical setting for several different reasons, including the investigation of illness, poor performance, as a part of routine health checks and subsequently as follow-up of a previously identified abnormality.

Frequently the tests that will be performed are pre-determined by the diagnostic labo- ratory, however consideration should be given to any additional analysis required prior to the submission of samples. in addition to the basic biochemistry profile which usu- ally includes plasma protein concentrations, serum enzymes activity and bilirubin con- centration, additional tests such as acute phase proteins, electrolytes, triglycerides, glu- cose, lactate, ammonia or bile acids may also be required.

Plasma proteins
Total protein is comprised of (predominantly) albumin, globulin and to a lesser extent fibrinogen.

Increased total protein may occur in:

• Dehydration (both albumin and globulins will increase) Chronic infections (globulins increase) false increase: if total solids are measured on a refractometer, other substances can interfere e.g. with hyperlipaemia as measure fats as ‘solids’

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