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Effects of Malnutrition on Immunity
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4. Effects of Malnutrition on Immunity
Starvation
Starvation leads to atrophy of lymphoid organs, decreased numbers and function of circulating leukocytes, and physical and functional defects in the epithelial barriers (Table 3). The net result is an increase in susceptibility to infection from both endogenous sources such as skin and intestinal commensals, and exogenous sources such as nosocomially derived organisms.
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1. Abreu MT, Vora P, Faure E, et al. Decreased expression of Toll-like receptor-4 and MD-2 correlates with intestinal epithelial cell protection against dysregulated proinflammatory gene expression in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. J Immunol 2001 ; 167 : 1609-1616.
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Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication
Institute of Veterinary, Animal & Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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