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  4. Prevenzione dell’obesità
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Prevenzione dell’obesità

Author(s):
Diez M. and
Nguyen P.
In: Encyclopedia of Canine Clinical Nutrition by Pibot P. et al.
Updated:
NOV 15, 2007
Languages:
  • DE
  • EN
  • ES
  • FR
  • IT
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    5. Prevenzione dell’obesità

    Il miglior trattamento dell’obesità è la prevenzione

    La prevenzione passiva consiste nel raccogliere il maggior numero di dati possibili per tutta la vita dell’animale ed utilizzarli al massimo. Nella medicina veterinaria quotidiana tutti i cani devono essere pesati ed i dati vanno accuratamente annotati nella scheda e nel "passaporto" del paziente. La prevenzione passiva prevede anche l’impiego del punteggio di condizione corporea.

    La prevenzione attiva va oltre. Consiste nell’assumersi le responsabilità del cibo del cane e della sua razione energetica e nel continuare a monitorarne la dieta per tutta la vita.

    Conclusioni

    Nel corso di questo capitolo, abbiamo visto che l’obesità del cane è una patologia primaria che colpisce il 25% circa della popolazione canina. Tenendo presente le conoscenze di cui disponiamo oggi, è inaccettabile ignorare una malattia con così tante conseguenze dannose per la salute dell’animale e che ne riduce la speranza di vita. Quando la prevenzione risulta inefficace il veterinario deve sviluppare un approccio sistematico che tenga conto della dieta, dal punto di vista qualitativo e quantitativo e degli altri fattori ambientali. Alla fine, è la percezione da parte del proprietario che determina il successo del trattamento nutrizionale e il successivo mantenimento del peso corporeo ottenuto.

    Comportamenti o mezzi che possono venire sviluppati dai veterinari per incoraggiare i proprietari a prevenire l’obesità

    Per i proprietari di cuccioli, occorre evidenziare quali sono le razze predisposte all’obesità, fornire informazioni su peso previsto per gli adulti, incoraggiare la stesura di curve di crescita del peso, scoraggiare le cattive abitudini, sottolineare gli effetti dannosi dell’obesità e fornire informazioni complete e personalizzate sul cibo.

    Più in generale, bisogna fornire informazioni precise sugli alimenti per cani. Si devono raccomandare le quantità e il tipo degli alimenti, i comportamenti da evitare, la necessità di evidenziare qualsiasi modificazione del peso corporeo, anche di minore entità, e stabilire un legame con le abitudini dietetiche di casa.

    Limitare l’assunzione energetica da parte degli animali immediatamente dopo la sterilizzazione.

    Incoraggiare un’attività fisica regolare e, se possibile, quantificarla (minimo x ore alla settimana).

    Organizzare un consulto multidisciplinare per cani obesi insieme ad un endocrinologo e ad un esperto comportamentale.

    Organizzare una consulenza sulla salute del cane sotto forma di un check-up annuale e mostrare interesse nel monitoraggio del peso del cane e della dieta.

    Lasciare a disposizione una bilancia in una sala d’attesa o in una stanza apposita, ad esempio, in modo che i proprietari siano incoraggiati a pesare regolarmente i loro animali.

    Fornire informazioni sull’obesità del cane in termini comprensibili anche ai non addetti ai lavori, mediante poster nella sala d’attesa, depliant informativi, fotografie "prima" e "dopo", ecc…

    Coinvolgere tutto il personale della clinica veterinaria nella lotta contro l’obesità ed incoraggiare le iniziative originali, come l’attuazione di giornate appositamente dedicate alla consapevolezza del problema obesità.

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    References

    1. Abel RM, Grimes JB, Alonso D et al. Adverse hemodynamic and ultrastructural changes in dog hearts subjected to protein-calorie malnutrition. Am Heart J 1979; 97:733-44. - PubMed -  

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    About

    How to reference this publication (Harvard system)?

    Diez, M. and Nguyen, P. (2007) “Prevenzione dell’obesità”, Encyclopedia of Canine Clinical Nutrition. Available at: https://www.ivis.org/library/encyclopedia-of-canine-clinical-nutrition/prevenzione-dell’obesità (Accessed: 09 February 2023).

    Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication

    1Department of Animal Productions, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
    2ENVN Atlanpôle, La Chantrerie, Nantes, France.

    Author(s)

    • Marianne Diez

      Diez M.

      Researcher, Lecturer
      PhD Dipl ECVCN Mast of Confer of Anim Nutrition
      Nutrition Unit B43, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège
      Read more about this author
    • P. Nguyen

      Nguyen P.

      DVM MS RDH Dipl ECVCN
      Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering
      Read more about this author

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