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  4. Post-diet Monitoring
Encyclopedia of Canine Clinical Nutrition
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Post-diet Monitoring

Author(s):
Diez M. and
Nguyen P.
In: Encyclopedia of Canine Clinical Nutrition by Pibot P. et al.
Updated:
NOV 15, 2007
Languages:
  • DE
  • EN
  • ES
  • FR
  • IT
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    4. Post-diet Monitoring

    Once weight loss has been achieved, it is vital to monitor the dog's weight regularly and provide the owner with advice on the selection of a maintenance food and the quantity of rations. In dogs, ideally checkups should be scheduled every month until the dog's weight has stabilized over a period of three to four visits; fluctuations in weight must be limited to around 5% (Burkholder & Bauer, 1998).

    Beagles
    There have not been any studies published on the long-term development of body weight of companion dogs that have followed a low-calorie diet. (© M. Weber).

    Generally speaking, at the end of the diet a gradual dietary transition is preferred, in terms of both quantities and type of food. The veterinarian has two options:

    • Continuing with the same (low-calorie) type of food and gradually increasing the quantities to maintain the weight.
    • Selecting a food with a little higher energy density while maintaining the same quantity as at the end of the diet. This will increase the energy intake. So if the energy density of a low-calorie food is 2800 kcal/kg for example, the same quantity of food with an energy density of 3200 kcal/kg will automatically lead to increased daily energy intake of 14%. This is a relatively simple option; it consists in changing the food without changing the quantities. It will be appropriate for the transition of a food that is a little energy-denser, but it is not recommended if the food selected is much richer in energy.

    A rebound effect is generally observed in dogs in the absence of strict measures (Kimura et al., 1991; Laflamme & Kuhlman, 1995). There are no precise figures relating to the scale of this rebound effect. In humans, long-term studies appear to show that the weight put back on in the twelve months following the end of the diet is between around 33% and 50% of the weight lost during a low-calorie diet. It is therefore advisable to consider obesity as a chronic disease that requires permanent monitoring (Wadden, 1993).

    From a practical perspective, the quantity of energy needed to maintain a constant weight must be known and, all things being equal (the dog's activity level and lifestyle, etc.), it must be adjusted when the food is changed. It is important to warn owners not to change the food without verifying the energy intake. This point is particularly important, because obese dogs are often older individuals and as a consequence it is highly likely that their food has been changed to respond to different physiological (aging) or pathological conditions. Lastly, it should be noted that there is a flagrant lack of data on weight monitoring after a diet.

    After making huge efforts to achieve the targets set at the start of the process, at the end of the diet owners may lapse into old habits, in spite of their contentment at how their dog looks.

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    References

    1. Abel RM, Grimes JB, Alonso D et al. Adverse hemodynamic and ultrastructural changes in dog hearts subjected to protein-calorie malnutrition. Am Heart J 1979; 97:733-44. - PubMed -  

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    About

    How to reference this publication (Harvard system)?

    Diez, M. and Nguyen, P. (2007) “Post-diet Monitoring”, Encyclopedia of Canine Clinical Nutrition. Available at: https://www.ivis.org/library/encyclopedia-of-canine-clinical-nutrition/post-diet-monitoring (Accessed: 05 February 2023).

    Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication

    1Department of Animal Productions, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
    2ENVN Atlanpôle, La Chantrerie, Nantes, France.

    Author(s)

    • Marianne Diez

      Diez M.

      Researcher, Lecturer
      PhD Dipl ECVCN Mast of Confer of Anim Nutrition
      Nutrition Unit B43, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège
      Read more about this author
    • P. Nguyen

      Nguyen P.

      DVM MS RDH Dipl ECVCN
      Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering
      Read more about this author

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