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  4. Metabolismo dei lipidi
Encyclopedia of Canine Clinical Nutrition
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Metabolismo dei lipidi

Author(s):
Schenck P.A.
In: Encyclopedia of Canine Clinical Nutrition by Pibot P. et al.
Updated:
APR 21, 2008
Languages:
  • DE
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  • IT
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    Le alterazioni di qualsiasi aspetto del metabolismo dei lipidi possono esitare in un’iperlipe- mia anormale. Si possono avere delle anomalie a carico dell’assorbimento, della sintesi o dell’esterificazione dei lipidi, o della sintesi delle proteine, della captazione mediata da recettori, della formazione e circolazione della bile o del trasporto inverso del colesterolo.

    Assorbimento dei lipidi

    Colesterolo e trigliceridi vengono assorbiti nel tenue. Il primo può essere ingerito attra- verso la dieta (esogeno) oppure derivare dalla secrezione biliare e dalla desquamazione delle cellule epiteliali intestinali (endogene) che possono arrivare a costituire fino al 50% del colesterolo totale presente nel lume del tenue (Holt, 1972). L’assorbimento richiede la presenza degli acidi biliari e la formazione di micelle (Figura 1). I sali biliari vengono secreti dal fegato e passano nel piccolo intestino attraverso la bile e, per la maggior parte, sono presenti sotto forma di coniugati con glicina o taurina. Quando la loro concentra- zione raggiunge un livello sufficientemente elevato, i sali biliari formano degli aggregati o micelle (Feldman et al, 1983), e consentono l’assorbimento del 30-60% circa del colesterolo disponibile. All’interno del lume intestinale, i colesterilesteri provenienti dalle micelle vengono idrolizzati dalla colesteroloesterasi pancreatica. Il colesterolo libero dif- fonde passivamente attraverso la parete cellulare della mucosa intestinale (Westergaard et al, 1976). All’interno delle cellule enteriche, il colesterolo libero viene riesterificato con gli acidi grassi, un processo mediato dall’enzima acilcoA: colesterilaciltransferasi (ACAT). Una combinazione di colesterolo libero e colesteril-esteri viene poi secreta nelle particelle di chilomicroni. […]

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    About

    How to reference this publication (Harvard system)?

    Schenck, P. A. (2008) “Metabolismo dei lipidi”, Encyclopedia of Canine Clinical Nutrition. Available at: https://www.ivis.org/library/encyclopedia-of-canine-clinical-nutrition/metabolismo-dei-lipidi (Accessed: 08 February 2023).

    Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication

    College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, MI, USA.

    Author(s)

    • Schenck P.A.

      DVM MA PhD
      Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University
      Read more about this author

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