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Enfermadades orofaríngeas y esofágicas
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Trastornos de la deglución y enfermedades esofágicas
> Signos clínicos asociados a los problemas de la deglución
La disfagia se define como una deglución difícil o dolorosa (odinofagia) y puede ser consecuencia de afecciones de la cavidad bucal, de la faringe y del esófago. La secuencia completa de la deglución con- siste en las fases orofaríngea, esofágica y gastroesofágica. La fase orofaríngea puede, a su vez, dividirse en las etapas oral, faríngea y cricofaríngea. Anomalías en cada una de estas etapas pueden provocar una disfagia. Los trastornos suelen ser funcionales o morfológicos; la mayoría de los trastornos funcionales son consecuencia de una insuficiencia, un espasmo o una descoordinación de la actividad neuromus- cular normal. La regurgitación es la expulsión casi sin esfuerzo de los alimentos desde la orofaringe o del esófago y debe distinguirse del vómito (Tabla 1). […]
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Affiliation of the authors at the time of publication
1Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom. 2Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Berlin, Germany.
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