Internal Fixation of Comminuted Maxillofacial Fractures in Dogs

Objective
To describe internal fixation for maxillofacial fractures using titanium miniplates and report outcome in 7 dogs.
Study design: Prospective case series.
Animals: Skeletally mature dogs (n1⁄47) with maxillofacial fractures.

Methods
After CT evaluation of fracture configuration, using a combination of extraoral and intraoral approaches as needed, non-locking titanium miniplates were contoured to match the normal anatomy of the fractured bones. Plates were secured using non-locking titanium screws and then covered with a soft-tissue envelope followed by routine intraoral and extraoral closure.

Results
Fractures healed rapidly after reconstruction with immediate return to normal function and occlusion. Follow-up time of up to 94 months indicated excellent long-term function and general lack of complications. One dog developed nasal aspergillosis 1.5 years after surgery and the miniplates were removed without adverse consequences.

Conclusion
Internal fixation for maxillofacial reconstruction using titanium miniplates is an excellent solution for the treatment of comminuted and displaced maxillofacial fractures in dogs.