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How to Determine the Significance of Cardiac Murmurs at Prepurchase Examination
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Cardiac murmurs and arrhythmias are detected fairly frequently in horses at suitability for purchase examinations when they often create problems as the veterinary surgeon struggles to determine their significance and advise their clients appropriately.
In many cases though, a thorough examination of the cardiovascular system and a sensible dialogue with the prospective purchaser is all that is required to allow a sale to proceed or otherwise. Occasionally, making a recommendation that the horse be referred for specialist cardiac examination will be the best course of action to reassure the purchaser and transfer responsibility of advice to a third party. Additionally such secondary examinations are often beneficial to clients in subsequently getting the horse accepted for insurance.
Equine cardiologists are often asked by practitioners about how loud a given murmur should be, or which arrhythmias mean that a horse should definitely fail a ‘suitability for purchase’ examination. Unfortunately there are no absolute rules. Clearly when any abnormality is detected in a horse showing signs of congestive heart failure, such as a persistently increased resting heart and respiratory rate, dependent ventral oedema, weak pulses, or when the murmur is associated with a precordial thrill, the horse is not a suitable candidate for purchase for any purpose and the decisions and advice are easy. Unfortunately, that scenario is rarely the one encountered in the real world. [...]
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