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Diagnosis of Laryngeal Dysplasia in Seven Horses Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ultrasonography
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1. Introduction
Laryngeal dysplasia caused by suspected malformation of the fourth branchial arch has been reported previously in the horse and has been associated with rostral displacement of the palatopharyngeal arch and/or right laryngeal dysfunction. These studies all described the endoscopic and/or anatomical postmortem identification of the disease, but ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of this disease have not been described. We hypothesized that MRI and ultrasound findings would accurately reflect the anatomic features of presumptive fourth branchial arch abnormality and therefore, allow accurate antemortem diagnosis of this condition and appropriate management.
2. Materials and Methods
Between February 2008 and April 2009, all horses examined at Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital in Lexington, Kentucky that were diagnosed with rostral displacement of the palatopharyngeal arch and/or right laryngeal dysfunction using upper airway endoscopy underwent ultrasonography and MRI of the laryngeal region. [...]
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